The Present Indefinite Tense defines not only the present conditions but also the other conditions.
The other conditions are mentioned below here:
- Daily routine
- Universal truth
- Designation
- Fixed arrangements
The verb of the Present Indefinite Tense depends on the person of the subject. If the auxiliary verb is used as the main verb in this tense, the subject does not matter.
- First Person: I, WE
- Second Person: You
- Third Person: He, She, It, someone name and they.
(Note: He, she, it and someone name are third person singular. Besides, they and more than one person names are third person plural)
Structure 1 (a):
Positive Form
If the subject is
Subject: First/Second/Third Person Plural
The structure should be,
Subject + Present form of verb + Remaining Part of the sentence (If have).
Example:
- You read a book.
To compare the sentence according to the structure,
Subject= You
Present Form of Verb = read
Remaining Part of the sentence= a book
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Structure 1 (b):
Positive Form
Subject= All types of person
Subject + present form of be verb (am/is/are) + Remaining part of the sentence (if have).
Example:
- He is an honest man.
To compare the two sentences according to the structure,
Subject= He
Present form of be verb (am/is/are) = is
Remaining Part of the sentence= an honest man
Structure 2 (a):
Negative Form
Subject : First/Second/Third Person Plural
Subject + do not/does not + Present form of verb + Remaining part of the sentence (if have).
Note: (“Does not” is used for Third person singular such as he/she/it)
Example:
- He does not go to school.
- They do not like this
To compare the two sentences according to the structure,
Subject= He (First Sentence), They (Second Sentence)
Do not/Does not + Present Form of Verb = does not go (First Sentence), do not like ( Second Sentence).
Remaining Part of the sentence= to school (First Sentence), this (Second Sentence)
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Structure 2 (b):
Negative Form
Subject= All types of person
Subject + Present form of be verb (am/is/are) not + remaining part of the sentence (if have).
Example:
- He is not an honest man.
To compare the two sentences according to the structure,
Subject= He
Present form of be verb (am/is/are) not = is not
Remaining Part of the sentence= an honest man
Structure 3 (a):
Question Form (Yes/No Question)
Do/Does/Don’t/Doesn’t + Subject + present form of verb + remaining part of the sentence (if have)?
Note: (“Does/Does not” is used for Third person singular such as he/she/it)
Example 1:
- Do you go there?
- Does he go there?
To compare the two sentences according to the structure,
Do/Does= Do (First Sentence), Does (Second sentence)
Subject + Present Form of Verb = you go (First Sentence), he go (Second Sentence)
Remaining Part of the sentence= there? (First & Second Sentence)
Example 2:
- Don’t you go there?
- Doesn’t he go there?
To compare the two sentences according to the structure,
Don’t/Doesn’t= Don’t (First Sentence), Doesn’t (Second Sentence)
Subject + Present Form of Verb = you go (First Sentence), he go (Second Sentence)
Remaining Part of the sentence= there? (First & Second Sentence)
———————————————————————
Structure 3 (b):
Question Form (Yes/No Question)
Present form of be verb (am/is/are/ain’t/isn’t/are not + subject + remaining part of the sentence (if have)?
Example 1:
- Are you student?
- Is he guilty?
To compare the two sentences according to the structure,
Present of be verb (am/is/are) = Are (First Sentence), Is (Second Sentence)
Subject = you (First Sentence), he (Second Sentence)
Remaining Part of the sentence= student? (First Sentence), guilty? (Second Sentence)
Example 2:
- Are not they worker?
- Is not he an good person?
To compare the two sentences according to the structure,
Present form of be verb (am/is/are) + not = Are not (First Sentence), Is not (Second Sentence)
Subject = they (first sentence), he (second sentence)
Remaining part of the sentence = worker? (first sentence), an good person? (second sentence)
Structure 4 (a):
Question Form (Wh Question)
Wh Word (What/Who/How/Which etc.) + do/does/don’t/doesn’t + subject + present form of verb + remaining part of the sentence (if have) ?
Note: (“Does/Does not” is used for Third person singular such as he/she/it)
Example 1:
- Why do you go there?
- What does he make this?
To compare the two sentences according to the structure,
Wh word (What/Who/How/Which etc.) = Why (First Sentence), What (Second Sentence)
Do/Does= Do (First Sentence), Does (Second Sentence)
Subject + Present Form of Verb = you go (First Sentence), he make (Second Sentence)
Remaining Part of the sentence= there? (First Sentence), this? (Second Sentence)
Example 2:
- What don’t they allow it?
- Why does not he work this?
To compare the two sentences according to the structure,
Wh word (What/Who/How/Which etc.) = What (First Sentence), Why (Second Sentence)
Don’t/Doesn’t= don’t (First Sentence), doesn’t (Second Sentence)
Subject + Present Form of Verb = they allow (First Sentence), he work (Second Sentence)
Remaining Part of the sentence= it? (First Sentence), this (Second Sentence)
———————————————————————
Structure 4 (b):
Question Form (Wh Question)
Wh word (What/Who/How/Which etc.) + Present form of be verb (am/is/are/ain’t/are not) + subject + remaining part of the sentence.
Example 1:
- Why are you absent?
- Why is he guilty?
To compare the two sentences according to the structure,
Wh word (What/Who/How/Which etc.) = Why
Present of be verb (am/is/are) = are (first sentence), is (second sentence)
Subject = you (first sentence), he (second sentence)
Remaining part of the sentence = absent? (first sentence, guilty? (second sentence)
Example 2:
- Why are not they present?
- Why is not he eligible?
To compare the two sentences according to the structure,
Wh word (What/Who/How/Which etc.) = Why
Present form of be verb (am/is/are) + not = are not (first sentence), is not (second sentence)
Subject = they (first sentence), he (second sentence)
Remaining part of the sentence = present? (first sentence), eligible? (second sentence)
Structure 5 :
Question Form (Wh Question)
Wh word (What/Who/How/Which etc.) + present form of verb/(don’t/doesn’t + present form of verb) + remaining part of the sentence (if have)?
Example 1:
- Who perform/performs this?
- Who make/makes it?
(Note: perform refers that person such as I, You, We, They. On the other hand, performs refers that person such as He, She, It)
To compare the two sentences according to the structure,
Wh word (What/Who/How/Which etc.) = Who (First & Second Sentence)
Present form of verb = Perform/Performs (First Sentence), make/makes (Second Sentence)
Remaining part of the sentence = this (first sentence), it (second sentence).
Example 2:
- Who doesn’t present in this ceremony?
To compare the sentence according to the structure,
Wh word (What/Who/How/Which etc.) = Who
don’t/doesn’t + present form of verb = doesn’t present
Remaining Part of the sentence= in this ceremony?
Structure 6:
Question Form (Wh Question)
Wh word (What/Who/How/Which etc.) + Noun + do/does/don’t/doesn’t + present form of verb + remaining part of the sentence (if have) ?
Note: (“Does/Does not” is used for third person singular such as he/she/it)
Example 1:
- Which books do you want?
- Which cloths does he wear?
To compare the two sentences according to the structure,
Wh word (What/Who/How/Which etc.) + Noun = Which books (First Sentence), Which cloths (Second Sentence)
Do/Does= Do (First Sentence), Does (Second Sentence)
Subject + Present Form of Verb = you want (First Sentence), he wear (Second Sentence)
Remaining Part of the sentence= the following two sentences have no remaining part.
Example 2:
- Which pen don’t you find in the classroom?
- Which gadgets doesn’t he buy in this shop?
To compare the two sentences according to the structure,
Wh word (What/Who/How/Which etc.) + noun = Which pen (First Sentence), Which gadgets (Second Sentence)
Don’t/Doesn’t= don’t (First Sentence), doesn’t (Second Sentence)
Subject + Present Form of Verb = you find (First Sentence), he buy (Second Sentence)
Remaining Part of the sentence= in the classroom? (First sentence), in this shop? (Second Sentence)
Structure 7:
Question Form (Wh Question)
Wh word (What/Who/How/Which etc.) + Noun + Preposition + Noun + do/does/don’t/doesn’t + subject + present form of verb + remaining part of the sentence (if have) ?
Note: (“Does/Does not” is used for third person singular such as he/she/it)
Example 1:
- What kinds of birds do you like to see?
- Which types of foods does he like to eat?
To compare the two sentences according to the structure,
Wh word (What/Who/How/Which etc.) + Noun + Preposition + Noun = Which kinds of birds (First Sentence), Which types of foods (Second Sentence)
Do/Does= Do (First Sentence), Does (Second Sentence)
Subject + Present Form of Verb = you like (First Sentence), he like (Second Sentence)
Remaining Part of the sentence= to see (First Sentence), to eat (Second Sentence).
Example 2:
- Which types of products don’t you find in the shop?
- Which types of gadgets doesn’t he store in this shop?
To compare the two sentences according to the structure,
Wh word (What/Who/How/Which etc.) + noun + preposition + noun = Which types of products (first sentence), Which types of gadgets (second sentence)
Don’t/Doesn’t= don’t (First Sentence), doesn’t (Second Sentence)
Subject + Present Form of Verb = you find (First Sentence), he store (Second Sentence)
Remaining Part of the sentence= in the shop? (first sentence), in this shop? (second sentence)
In conclusion, the present indefinite tense is a fundamental aspect of English grammar. Its simplicity and broad applicability make it an essential part of effective communication in English. The structure of this will be helpful to apply it real life while talking with other person.
